Thanks to Mario Untersteiner and those who followed his example, the talk about the Sophists can be heard not only in rhetoricians' hallways, classroom, and convention halls but also in the hallways, classrooms, and convention halls of philologists, historians, philosophers, and literary critics. Sophistical rhetoric emerged in a culture of…

Most of the history of Europe before the birth of Christ is the history of the Greeks and Italians. This primer presents Greek history from prehistoric times to Alexander's empire. The following chapters are presented: (1) The Beginnings of the Greeks; (2) Peloponnesus down to B.C. 500--Colonies; (3) Attica to B.C. 500; (4) The Ionic Revolt and…

How the Greeks taught reading is not only historically interesting but also relevant to educational concerns today. (JT)

Just as a contemporary professional person maintains copies of wills, real estate records, and court decrees, so did 15th-century B.C. residents of the ancient city of Nuzi. Such documents, then and now, are generally written by legal scribes. The Hittites of the 14th century B.C. maintained detailed manuals concerning the care and feeding of…

Argues that Protagoras, a leading sophist of the fifth century B.C.E., not only arrived at a theory of truth close to present-day antifoundationalism but also took the next step toward developing workable, socially constituted truths and knowledge for everyday practice. Sketches out Protagoras's project to employ the power of literacy for social…

Discusses philological evidence supporting a fourth-century origin of the word "rhetorike." Demonstrates that, once named, rhetoric became increasingly disciplinized. Argues that the naming of the phenomena is as relevant to the naming of disciplines as to other social realities. Suggests ways traditional accounts of fifth-century…

Presents examples from ancient Greece and Rome illustrating working aged and intergenerational dependence. Describes normal active participation of elderly as officers and common soldiers in ancient military as example of their capabilities. Notes that Alexander the Great's army, in particular, depended on contributions of older men. (Author/NB)

Discusses Charles Kinglsey's "The Heroes" (three Greek fairy tales written for his children). Notes the conditions in which it was written, critical and popular reception since its publication in 1855, and some editions of the work. (RS)

Discusses the Greek contribution to the alphabet and the development of written communication. Contrasts oral and written traditions and the impact of each. (JMF)

A brief sketch of the development of integral calculus is given, beginning with ancient Greek thought around 500 BC, and ending with Newton and Leibniz. (MP)

Argues that history provides the necessary framework in which both to discuss and to seek answers to the three necessary and sequential questions about business ethics: (1) What is ethics and what does it mean to be ethical? (2) Why be ethical?; and (3) How can one be ethical? (SG)

The first universal library in history, the Alexandrian Library, was established in the fourth century B.C. in Greece and disappeared in the third and fourth centuries A.D., according to various accounts. In an attempt to preserve Egypt's historical heritage, the Egyptian government has decided to build a new library in its place--the Bibliotheca…

The only workable generalization regarding curriculum development in a heterogeneous, multicultural society is one that allows conflicting views to operate within an institution and that prepares youth for functional membership in the society. A review of the history of Western education from Sparta through the Puritans, William McGuffey, and…

Since the Middle Ages, sport has survived because of its masochistic and sadistic components. The Greeks, who organized athletic contests into the Olympic Games in 776 B.C., emphasized the relationship between the mind and the body and fair competition, rather than putting emphasis on winning or losing. The Romans preferred the spectacle of…

Addresses the question: How do the modern theories of international relations account for the origins of the Peloponnesian War? Creates an historical fiction of Athenians debating the war's origins. (CMK)