Discusses the development of the American Vocational Association (AVA) and its related subgroups, including (1) state and territorial associations, (2) topical divisions, (3) associated and supporting groups, and (4) governing bodies. (CH)

The Inquiry, a group of U.S. adult educators and social scientists in the 1920s-1930s, applied Dewey's thinking to adult education in groups and espoused the link between individual and social development. Many of its concerns remain relevant today, and they provide an example for adult educators dealing with another era of rapid social change.…

Homesteading required abandoning tribal relations, and so the Nooksack, a consistently recognized tribe from the 1850s to the 1880s, became a federally nonrecognized tribe. (Author)

Exploring the historical antecedents of Kurt Hahn's ideas, this article relates them to the philosophy of the Colorado Outward Bound School, examining some concepts in depth (e.g., physical challenge, self-discovery, individual student commitment, control of student activities, adventure/risk, small group dynamics, and community service). (DS)

The evolution of Project Adventure's Full Value Contract from its original No Discount format is described. Although wording varies among groups, all versions ask the group to create safe and respectful behavioral norms under which it will operate, to commit to those norms, and to accept a shared responsibility for their maintenance. (TD)

Provides overview of the types of women's groups that have developed since the initiation of consciousness-raising groups in the 1960s. Documents the important historical processes in women's group work and reviews literature conducted with women's groups, including self-help groups and informal support groups. Concludes that the absence of…

Describes a California free school based on humanistic philosophy where children learn in synchronicity with each other, develop leadership qualities, are treated as equals, and are given space to experience all their emotions. Recounts the preschool/elementary school's 50-year history. Describes daily activities, adult-child interactions,…

Compares the work of two advisory committees: the Sixth Scottish Advisory Council on Education which produced the 1947 report, "Secondary Education," and the Committee Appointed to Survey Secondary Education in New South Wales (Australia), which produced the "Wyndham Report" in 1957. Concludes that the committee's relationship…

Describes early Indian activism at the University of California, Berkeley, and the role of Indian student organizations in the occupation of Alcatraz Island. Examines the planning of the occupation, unity and contention among the group of participants, leadership, celebrities who visited the island, and the role of the media in activism. (SV)

Based on structured interviews with Interlocken students, staff, parents, and alumni, this book presents a historical account of the international coeducational camp, Interlocken, founded in 1961, and its practice and philosophy of experiential education. Section 1 explains the innovative summer-camp/youth-travel mission of Interlocken and its…

In 1932, Myles Horton founded the Highlander Folk School in Monteagle, Tennessee. Horton created an adult education center dedicated to helping groups of primarily poor and uneducated people strive together to solve their social, economic, and political problems and conflicts by mining their own experiences and awareness. In this book, Horton…

Analyzes and explains the change of a crowd into a mob. Uses as a case study the behavior of crowds involved in the integration of two previously all-White elementary schools in New Orleans (Louisiana). Emphasizes the role of the White students who continued to attend the schools. (FMW)