Among the effects of trainers on their T Groups was that trainer empathy and security were related to liking for the trainer and perceived member learning. Trainer affection, tendencies to reward and punish, and openess showed no or little relationship to participant learning. (Author)

This paper describes an experiment involving the use of laboratory education (Bradford, Gibb, & Benne, 1964; Bennis & Schein, 1965) and was designed on the assumption that improvement of communication in managerial workgroups enhances task effectiveness. (Author)

Developmental trends in two 10-man training groups were studied by checklist and rating scale techniques throughout a four-day laboratory. Differences in the developmental patterns of the two T Groups are interpreted as consequences of the contrasting approaches of the trainers. (Author)