Nineteen adolescents (ages 13 to 17) attending a British special school for children with special educational needs and emotional/behavioral difficulties attended a four-day outdoor development program. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to evaluate outcomes in the three areas of group cohesion, tension/anxiety levels, and physical…

This report describes and evaluates the TAMARACK integrated curriculum package implemented in a high school classroom in Ontario (Canada). The program integrates environmental science, physical education, and English through experiential instruction. The highlights of the program were producing a magazine of oral history, wilderness trips in…

Experience-based training and development (EBTD), also known as Outdoor Management Development (OMD) in Great Britain and corporate adventure training (CAT) in Canada and Australia, is a field that uses adventure activities to bring beneficial change to organizations, primarily corporations. Activities used in EBTD and CAT programs include…

Urban Bound was begun in 1967 as an experimental two-phase program to help delinquent boys develop self-confidence and channel their energies appropriately. Phase one, a 21-day mountain program, was designed to build youth-group and youth-instructor relationships, develop self-confidence, provide an acceptable male image, promote communication,…

The goals of "Operation Awareness", a 1974 summer program involving coeducational high school canoeing, camping, and study, were to acquire knowledge; acquire outdoor living skills; promote involvement in a conservation work project; and provide the opportunity for social, emotional, and physical growth through group living. Students,…