Graduate counseling students were assigned by sex to a marathon group, a shorter session group, a combination session group, and control group to determine impact on self-actualization. The personal orientation inventory indicated some significant positive movement for treatment groups. No one approach was significantly more effective than the…

This study examined the effects of a weekend marathon on the level of self-actualization of college students one and four weeks following their group experience. It also studied the relationship between ego strength and extent of change in self-actualization during a marathon. Generally, the group experience did increase self-actualization and the…

The Personal Orientation Inventory (POI) was used to assess the impact of a semester-long encounter-group, personal-growth experience on students seeking degrees in counseling. Both the experimental and control groups showed gains in self-actualization. (Author)

The present report consists of two studies which were designed to determine (1) the differential effects of time spent in encounter groups on participants' responses to the POI, and (2) the degree to which changes are maintained. (Author)

Beginning students in guidance and counseling comprised the two research groups: (1) a sensitivity-participatory group with activities ranging from T-grouping to sensory awareness to creative exercises; and (2) a didactic group in which the main focus was on instructor presentation of material relating to groups. The author sought to determine:…

The Personal Orientation Inventory (POI) is frequently used to measure changes that have occurred in participants as a result of an encounter- or growth-group experience. The pseudo-self-actualizing tendency of counseling students is explored, and rationale is presented as to why the POI should be used with other instruments. (Author)