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Hasher, Lynn; And Others – Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1977
Subjects rated how certain they were that each of 60 statements was true or false. Embedded in the list was a set of statements that were either repeated across several sessions or were not repeated. Frequency of occurrence is apparently a criterion used to establish referential validity of plausible statements. (CHK)
Descriptors: Guessing (Tests), Memory, Recall (Psychology), Test Validity
Bennett, Raymond W.; Kurzeja, Paul L. – Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1976
In an experiment using single-word items, subjects are run under three different speed-accuracy trade-off conditions. A competition model would predict that when subjects are forced to respond quickly, there will be an increase in errors, and these will be from recent past items. The prediction was confirmed. (CHK)
Descriptors: Confidence Testing, Error Patterns, Guessing (Tests), Memory
Walsh, Michael F.; Schwartz, Marian – Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1977
The guessing-bias and proactive interference hypotheses of the Ranschburg Effect were investigated by giving three groups different instructions as to guessing during recall. Results failed to support the prediction that the effect should be reduced or eliminated on shift trials. Neither hypothesis received significant support. (CHK)
Descriptors: Guessing (Tests), Hypothesis Testing, Memory, Recall (Psychology)
Humphreys, Michael S.; Schwartz, Robert M. – Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1971
Descriptors: Experiments, Generalization, Guessing (Tests), Information Processing