This paper discusses computer simulation as a tool for teaching about phenomena characterized by a problem to be solved, a task or goal to be reached, a procedure to be learned, or an environment to be understood. Simulation is defined and characterized by an examination of both the attributes that are common to simulations, and a taxonomy…

This paper presents the notion of a "question episode," the smallest complete unit of computer- student interaction in computer assisted instruction, and describes such important elements as question types, student input, interpretation of student inputs, computer replies, and duration limits. Included are some guidelines to help determine the…

This paper describes a tutorial lesson to give teachers a model against which to compare and contrast a variety of instances of such lessons, and to help them to eventually come to a personal position on what constitutes a tutorial computer lesson. Three flow charts are provided as examples of tutorial style episodes. This resource for preservice…

This paper is designed to provide the educator with an overview of instructional applications of the computer, along with important issues related to each application. Applications discussed include computer managed instruction, drill and practice, simulation, computer assisted testing, instructional games, tutorials, problem solving, and…

This discussion of games--particularly computerized games--and their potential in schools addresses several topics: what games are, types of games (free-form, rigid-form, or open-form) and their educational applications, the role of games in learning, student participation in adapting existing games for computer presentation, and special classroom…

This discussion of the administrative uses of computers from the perspective of the school administrator is concerned with both the types and sources of information involved in school administration, and specific uses of this information. The paper focuses on those administrative tasks that can be effectively computerized in defining the role of…

This paper lists 25 objectives which computer-using teachers have designated as important for job success, and presents 11 relevant tasks to serve as a basis for practice and assessment of the objectives. These tasks deal with instructional planning, question episodes, lesson evaluation, tutorial computer assisted instruction, drill and practice,…

A review of the major components of lesson planning and two conventional planning methods provides background for this explanation of the type of planning required when designing instruction for teaching with the computer. This "formal planning" includes the identification and articulation of the locical sequencing of both instructional…

This paper identifies concerns and provides guidelines for the administrator or teacher who is involved in making decisions about acquiring, maintaining, or expanding computer resources. Several questions are raised and topics discussed which focus attention upon various specific elements in a system which are pertinent to procurement. Major…

The details and process of evaluating computerized instructional materials are presented for the major classes of such materials, i.e., courseware--the set of computer programs with which the student interacts directly to learn--and instructional software--the instructional facilities, services, or general operations which include management and…

In computer assisted test construction (CATC) systems, the computer is used to perform the mechanical aspects of testing while the teacher retains control over question content. Advantages of CATC systems include question banks, decreased importance of test item security, computer analysis and response to student test answers, item analysis…

This paper describes functions of a computer system for management of individualized instruction, details of a computer managed instruction (CMI) facility, the role of the teacher in utilizing a CMI system, and five programs which implement the concept of individualization with computer assistance. CMI system functions described include…