Low-powered mobile devices such as Raspberry Pis and tablets can be used as microservers to implement offline Learning Management Systems (LMS). Despite their potential, especially for low-income countries, such as Tanzania, no research is available detailing the affordances of these devices for supporting LMS features. This study investigated the…

Addressing heterogeneity in the classroom by adapting instruction to learners' needs challenges teachers in their daily work. To provide adaptive instruction in the most flexible way, teachers face the problem of assessing students' individual characteristics (learning prerequisites and learning needs) and situational states (learning experiences…

Information and communication technology are well known rapid growing industry in this decade. That is nearly the same as fast as growth in costs in education. Therefore, many people have been forced to find alternative ways to meet their education needs. Innovations of distance education create a new way to provide learning content, unlimited…