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Finch, W. Holmes – Journal of Experimental Education, 2022
Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) is widely used to test the null hypothesis of equal multivariate means across 2 or more groups. MANOVA rests upon an assumption that error terms are independent of one another, which can be violated if individuals are clustered or nested within groups, such as schools. Ignoring such nesting can result in…
Descriptors: Multivariate Analysis, Hypothesis Testing, Structural Equation Models, Hierarchical Linear Modeling
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Kelcey, Ben; Spybrook, Jessaca; Dong, Nianbo; Bai, Fangxing – Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2020
Professional development for teachers is regarded as one of the principal pathways through which we can understand and cultivate effective teaching and improve student outcomes. A critical component of studies that seek to improve teaching through professional development is the detailed assessment of the intermediate teacher development processes…
Descriptors: Faculty Development, Educational Research, Randomized Controlled Trials, Research Design
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Croake, Daniel J.; Andreatta, Richard D.; Stemple, Joseph C. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2018
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to quantify the interactions of the 3 vocalization subsystems of respiration, phonation, and resonance before, during, and after a perturbation to the larynx (temporarily induced unilateral vocal fold paralysis) in 10 vocally healthy participants. Using dynamic systems theory as a guide, we hypothesized that…
Descriptors: Speech Impairments, Voice Disorders, Hierarchical Linear Modeling, Hypothesis Testing
Vuorre, Matti; Bolger, Niall – Grantee Submission, 2018
Statistical mediation allows researchers to investigate potential causal effects of experimental manipulations through intervening variables. It is a powerful tool for assessing the presence and strength of postulated causal mechanisms. Although mediation is used in certain areas of psychology, it is rarely applied in cognitive psychology and…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Hierarchical Linear Modeling, Cognitive Psychology, Neurosciences
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Campione-Barr, Nicole; Lindell, Anna K.; Giron, Sonia E. – Developmental Psychology, 2020
The use of differences scores to assess agreement/disagreement has a long and contentious history. Laird (2020) notes, however, that developmentalists have been particularly resistant to discontinue the use of difference scores. One area of developmental science where difference scores are still in regular use is that of parental differential…
Descriptors: Educational Research, Hypothesis Testing, Differences, Scores
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Raykov, Tenko; Marcoulides, George A.; Akaeze, Hope O. – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2017
This note is concerned with examining the relationship between within-group and between-group variances in two-level nested designs. A latent variable modeling approach is outlined that permits point and interval estimation of their ratio and allows their comparison in a multilevel study. The procedure can also be used to test various hypotheses…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Models, Statistical Analysis, Hierarchical Linear Modeling
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Blokpoel, Mark; Wareham, Todd; Haselager, Pim; Toni, Ivan; van Rooij, Iris – Journal of Problem Solving, 2018
The ability to generate novel hypotheses is an important problem-solving capacity of humans. This ability is vital for making sense of the complex and unfamiliar world we live in. Often, this capacity is characterized as an inference to the best explanation--selecting the "best" explanation from a given set of candidate hypotheses.…
Descriptors: Hypothesis Testing, Logical Thinking, Inferences, Computation
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Vogl, Katharina; Schmidt, Isabelle; Preckel, Franzis – Journal of Educational Research, 2018
The authors examined the big-fish-little-pond effect (BFLPE) on academic self-concept (ASC) using different indicators of academic ability (i.e., achievement test, cognitive ability test, grades corrected for grading-on-a-curve effects, uncorrected grades). They investigated under what circumstances grades are suitable indicators of academic…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Academic Ability, Educational Indicators, Comparative Analysis
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Booth, Chase R.; Brown, Hannah L.; Eason, Elizabeth G.; Wallot, Sebastian; Kelty-Stephen, Damian G. – Discourse Processes: A multidisciplinary journal, 2018
Reader expectations form across hierarchical scales of discourse (e.g., from coarse to fine: genre, narrative, syntax). Cross-scale interactivity produces word reading times (RTs) with multifractal structure. After introducing multifractals, we test two hypotheses regarding their relevance to reader expectations: (1) multifractal evidence of…
Descriptors: Gender Issues, Expectation, Reading Rate, Hypothesis Testing
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Campitelli, Guillermo; Macbeth, Guillermo; Ospina, Raydonal; Marmolejo-Ramos, Fernando – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2017
We present three strategies to replace the null hypothesis statistical significance testing approach in psychological research: (1) visual representation of cognitive processes and predictions, (2) visual representation of data distributions and choice of the appropriate distribution for analysis, and (3) model comparison. The three strategies…
Descriptors: Research Methodology, Hypothesis Testing, Psychology, Social Science Research
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Rusli, Yazmin Ahmad; Montgomery, James W. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2017
Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether extant language (lexical) knowledge or domain-general working memory is the better predictor of comprehension of object relative sentences for children with typical development. We hypothesized that extant language knowledge, not domain-general working memory, is the better predictor. Method:…
Descriptors: Children, Reading Comprehension, Sentences, Lexicology
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Kudrnác, Aleš; Lyons, Pat – School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 2018
This study examines the general question of how classroom characteristics are linked with differences among students in civic competence, which is seen to be an important basis for political inequality. A resource-mobilisation account of youth civic competence is presented, and this is tested using hierarchical linear modelling and International…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Civics, Citizenship Education, Knowledge Level
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Bear, George G.; Yang, Chunyan; Chen, Dandan; He, Xianyou; Xie, Jia-Shu; Huang, Xishan – School Psychology Quarterly, 2018
Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine differences between American and Chinese students in their perceptions of school climate and engagement in school, and in the relation between school climate and engagement. Method: Confirmatory factor analyses were used to support the factor structure and measurement invariance of the two…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Comparative Education, Educational Environment, Learner Engagement
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Adams, Curt; Olsen, Jentre – Journal of Educational Administration, 2017
Purpose: Although leadership evidence highlights the importance of cooperative principal-teacher relationships, research has not looked thoroughly at the content behind principal-teacher interactions. The purpose of this paper is to use self-determination theory and organizational conversation to develop principal support for student psychological…
Descriptors: Psychological Needs, Principals, Teacher Administrator Relationship, Self Determination
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Zacher, Hannes; Robinson, Alecia J.; Rosing, Kathrin – Journal of Creative Behavior, 2016
The ambidexterity theory of leadership for innovation proposes that leaders' opening and closing behaviors positively predict employees' exploration and exploitation behaviors, respectively. The interaction of exploration and exploitation behaviors, in turn, is assumed to influence employee innovative performance, such that innovative performance…
Descriptors: Handedness, Leadership, Employees, Leaders
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