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Webb, Paul; Boltt, Gill – Journal of Biological Education, 1990
Investigated is the ability of high school pupils and university students to answer questions based on relationships within food webs using sound ecological principles. Research methods used and the results of this study are discussed. (CW)
Descriptors: Biology, Cognitive Structures, College Science, Ecology
Lim, Tock Keng – 1993
Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to test first- and second-order factor models on cognitive abilities and their invariance across male and female samples. Subjects were a stratified random sample of 234 male and 225 female 15-year-old students in Singapore attending Secondary 3 (the equivalent of grade 9). Four first-order factors were found…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Developmental Stages, Factor Structure, Females

Fleener, M. Jayne; And Others – 1993
Higher order cognitive development and success in the study of high school mathematics and science require an understanding of rational number concepts and facility with proportional reasoning and computation. Proportional reasoning is an essential schema for developing formal operational thought. This study involving 16 ninth-grade students was…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Algorithms, Cognitive Development, Formal Operations