Discussion of adapting traditional paper and pencil tests to electronic formats focuses on a study of undergraduates that examined the equivalence between computer-based and traditional tests when the computer testing provided opportunities comparable to paper testing conditions. Results showed no difference between scores from the two test types.…

Reports on a study conducted to evaluate how individual differences in anxiety levels affect performance on computer versus paper-and-pencil forms of verbal sections of the Graduate Record Examination. Contrary to the research hypothesis, analysis of scores revealed that extroverted and less computer anxious subjects scored significantly lower on…

This proof-of-concept investigation describes a computer-based approach for deriving the knowledge structure of individuals and of groups from their written essays, and considers the convergent criterion-related validity of the computer-based scores relative to human rater essay scores and multiple-choice test scores. After completing a…