Traditionally in rural Africa it was the drum, reports of gun shot, or perhaps the smoke of a burning bush that served as a primary form of communication. However it was Gutenberg's discovery of the printing press that paved the way for the age of mass communication. These methods were taken over by radio waves that communicate to millions of…

The sustained phase of transition to economies characterised by considerable, and sometimes revolutionary, advances in science, technology and related industries, coupled with subsequent profound changes in economy and society, has increased the importance of the knowledge-intensive phases of production for value-creation. As enterprises, in fact,…

Many researchers and practitioners contend that all institutions respond to changing market need and can create competitive advantage through innovation and creativity. Each year, institutions expend significant resources developing new products and processes and yet research shows that more than half these initiatives fail. Successful…