Described is the history and use of computers in all phases of liberal arts education at Dartmouth College. Included are surveys of computer use by students, by instructors, and as an integral part of courses. (SL)

Examines issues involving the use of on-line databases, magnetic and optical data storage, digital telecommunications, and microcomputers on college campuses. These issues include access to computers and computer networking, and educational uses of the computers. Examples of efforts at four universities are included. (JN)

Discusses several areas of artificial intelligence and research in this area, focusing on natural language understanding. Indicates that language is more than words, that "meaning" depends on context, and that "understanding" requires a vast body of knowledge about the world. (JN)

Discusses ultrafast phenomena that may influence device performance and describes new experimental methods utilizing short optical pulses to investigate materials and device structures. (JN)

Discusses computer uses in higher education, libraries, publishing, and in generating concordances and dictionaries. Computer networks, videodisc technology, and machine-readable text are also examined. Indicates that the earliest and still most prevalent use of computers in the humanities is the compilation of concordances. (JN)

Discusses various aspects of artificial intelligence, focusing on three interrelated issues: (1) representation of knowledge, which is roughly the machine equivalent of human memory; (2) control and use of knowledge, which corresponds to human abilities in problem solving and planning; and (3) the acquisition of knowledge, or what humans call…

Distinguishes between computer hardware and software and discusses status of software, application development productivity, software production, and research directions. (JN)

Describes UNIX time-sharing operating system, including the program environment, software development tools, flexibility and ease of change, portability and other advantages, and five applications and three nonapplications of the system. (JN)

Realization of the potential of computer electronics for enhanced human productivity and economic impact depends strongly on the university. New human resources and continuing education for the existing work force and new ideas for research and development will come from that sector. University-industry coupling is fostered. (JN)

Discusses several ways in which computers are being used in sociology and how they continue to change this discipline. Areas considered include data collection, data analysis, simulations of social processes based on mathematical models, and problem areas (including standardization concerns, training, and the financing of computing facilities).…

Computer applications in scientific instrumentation are traced from early data processing to modern computer-based instruments. Probable pathways toward instruments with increased "intelligence" include, among others, implementation of hierarchical computer networks and microprocessor controllers and the simplification of programing. The…

Due to increasing enrollments in engineering programs and shortages of faculty, resources, and finances, Iowa State University has avoided limits on admissions by extending time to earn a degree. (SK)

Discusses implications of a new administration report on science and engineering education that warns of immediate shortages of engineers and computer professionals and of a trend toward scientific and technological illiteracy in the population at large. (CS)

Surveys trends in hardware (logic, memory, storage) input-output technology, software, computer architecture and organization, communications, and artificial intelligence. (JN)

Traces the history and function of State, Operator, And Result (SOAR), a general-purpose artificial intelligence program for solving problems. The SOAR can "chunk" the result of a subgoal and learn from previous experiences. The SOAR could be applied to various expert systems. (YP)