In recent years, university teaching methods have evolved and almost all higher education institutions use e-learning platforms to deliver courses and learning activities. However, these digital learning environments present significant dropout and low completion rates. This is primarily due to the lack of student motivation and engagement.…

It is becoming increasingly clear that not all students require the same education, and the requirement of personalized education is increasingly in demand. The incorporation of adaptive learning (AL) has increased in recent years. However, research on this subject is still evolving at the university level. In this study, we investigated the…