The study examines students' counseling self-efficacy as measured by the Counseling Self-Estimate Inventory (COSE). A non-experimental design was implemented with 136 participants from 11 CACREP-accredited counselor education programs across the United States. Participants were enrolled in one of two learning modalities (e.g., face-to-face or…

Two experiments, using pictorial or verbal stimuli, were designed to test encoding among young children and adults. In both experiments, results indicated progressively smaller encoding specificity effects with increasing age. Comparisons of recall patterns were conducted to ensure that encoding differences accounted for results. (Author/DB)

Examines the haptic judgments of an L figure across the ages of 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13, and 20 years. Significant differences in the amount of haptic illusion were found. (MP)

Overall findings of this meta-analysis reveal small effects of adjunct pictures on reading comprehension. No advantage was found when traditional v nontraditional text settings were compared. Line drawings seem to facilitate comprehension and color pictures seem to have a greater effect than black and white pictures. (Author)