The present study was designed to explore what subjects can and will do spontaneously in memory retrieval situations. Subjects were kindergarten, third grade and college students. (SB)

Subjects who were preparing to teach scored reliably higher than controls on a subsequent retention test. In experiment 2, for both a verbal and a problem-solving task, subjects either worked alone, verbalized their thoughts or taught another person the task while performing. There were no reliable differences. (Author/CP)

Popular beliefs and research on modes of thinking among artists and scientists promote the idea that artists are motivated primarily by emotion and intuition, while scientists are stimulated primarily by logic and reason. This dichotomy and its implications for art education are discussed and criticized. (Author/IS)

The recent phenomenon of the "returning adult" to colleges has raised concern regarding two implications: age decline in intellectual ability and loss due to lack of practice. Literature indicates slight impairment of the problem-solving function until the years of advanced age. The degree of impairment is related to factors of educational…