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Mumaw, Randall J.; Pellegrino, James W. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1984
An information-processing model was tested for a laboratory visualization task that represents one adaptation of a standardized spatial ability test. The pattern of results suggests that individual differences are a function of differences in the accuracy and/or quality of the mental representation, not just speed of processing. (Author/BW)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Encoding (Psychology), Error Patterns
Smith, Richard M. – 1983
Previous studies of test item bias have investigated how different groups of examinees perform differently on a given set of items. These studies imply that examinees should be treated in a certain way because they are of a particular sex or race rather than as individuals in their own right, but it is unrealistic and unfair to assume such an…
Descriptors: Academic Ability, Error of Measurement, Error Patterns, Higher Education