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Willingham, Daniel T. – American Educator, 2002
Asserts that getting students to apply their knowledge in new situations is important, noting that reaching this goal generally requires that students have a large share of knowledge of the relevant topic. Describes rote versus inflexible knowledge, explaining that inflexible knowledge is the normal foundation for expertise and discussing how…
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education, Knowledge Level, Learning
Haygood, E. Langston; Iran-Nejad, Asghar – 1993
Three learning modules are described and investigated as they reflect different students' conceptions of and approaches to learning. The Schoolwork Module (SWM) focuses on task performance and involves a passive, incremental, piecemeal, and rote memory method of learning, parallel to what might be implied by the Information Processing model of…
Descriptors: Adaptation Level Theory, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Style, Factor Analysis