This paper quantifies differences in speaking rates in a first and second language, and examines the effects of slower rates on the speakers' abilities to convey information. The participants were 14 fluent (CEF B2/C1) English L2 speakers who held the same oral presentation twice, once in English and once in their native Swedish. The temporal…

Argues that words with different meanings normally appear in discriminably different contexts, and that the cue for learning to associate direct antonyms is not their substitutability but rather their frequent co-occurrence in the same sentence. (Author/VWL)

Investigates creation and interpretation of nonlexicalized categories within discourse, as indicated by the use of general extenders. Shows that such categories are locally contingent, depend on contextually salient features for identifying similarity among members, can be created through contrast or contiguity, and clearly depend on assumptions…

Describes general changes in sentence length, typical clause and modifier patterns, connectedness and structural explicitness over the last 400 years. Finds that the printed sentence has become shorter, the flow of information more direct, and the connections between nominalizations more implicit. Suggests that the printed sentence will continue…

The primary goal of translation is to enable an audience in a Target Language to understand a text/discourse which was ultimately not intended for them. The primary goal of text-analysis is to further the understanding of phenomena inside one language. There are several similarities between translation and text-analysis: both translation and…

In an attempt to determine whether the generic "man" has a strong association with maleness, 307 college students (122 males and 185 females) were polled to assess their attitudes about whether people "outgrow" the limited definition of man or whether the generic still retains an exclusionary, "mostly males" coloring. In order to prevent the…

Finds that temporal markers modify the availability of preceding words: segmentation markers like "around two o'clock" and "then" reduce this availability, whereas continuity markers like "and" improve this availability. Supports the hypothesis that segmentation markers lead readers not to integrate new information…

Traces the historical development of E-Prime (a form of English that eliminates all forms of the verb "to be"). Considers some reasons why E-Prime has been advocated by semanticists. Provides arguments against the use of E-Prime. (HB)

Considers the feasibility and usefulness of E-Prime (a form of English that eliminates all forms of the verb "to be"). Presents a modified version of E-Prime that differentiates between various uses of the verb "to be." (HB)

Argues that the implementation of E-Prime (a form of English that eliminates all forms of the verb "to be") as a means of eliminating bad language is a simplistic solution to the problem. Provides four reasons why this is the case. (HB)

Provides 10 brief and succinct arguments against the use of E-Prime, a form of English eliminating all forms of the verb, "to be." (HB)

Distinguishes between the letter of the law and its spirit in the use (or misuse) of E-Prime (a form of English that eliminates all forms of the verb "to be"). Shows how sentences written in E-Prime can still be fraught with unclear thought. Considers how E-Prime can be abused. (HB)

Discusses the feasibility of the total elimination of conjugated forms of "to be," as advocates of E-Prime suggest. Claims that a total elimination is not acceptable, because certain forms of the verb "to be" are more feasibile and therefore more important than others. (HB)

Questions the usefulness of E-Prime (a form of English that eliminates all forms of the verb "to be"), particularly the claim that E-Prime provides a simple discipline by which dishonesty and prejudice can be eliminated from communication. Claims that restructuring verbal communication treats the symptoms of dishonesty without curing the…

Discusses some of the historical background of the movement to do away with the verb "to be" and employ E-Prime (a form of English that eliminates all forms of the verb "to be"). (HB)