Purpose: To improve the academic integrity of online examinations, digital proctoring systems have recently been implemented in higher education institutions (HEIs). The paper aims to understand how digital proctoring has been practised in higher education (HE) and proposes future research directions for studying digital proctoring in HE.…

Remote or online proctoring (invigilating) is a technology primarily used to improve the integrity of online examinations. The use of remote proctoring increased significantly as the world switched to online assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Remote proctoring received negative media attention, including concerns about user privacy,…

The shift to distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the potential and preference of online learners for remote assessment. Yet, concerns about academic integrity, especially with tools like ChatGPT, prompted a reevaluation of remote evaluation methods. Universities responded by returning to on-campus exams or relying on…

The primary objective of this manuscript is to examine the online assessment and exam security procedures during the pandemic, with a particular focus on higher education. In this context, the study investigates the measures employed by instructors, the challenges they encountered, and the strategies they employed to overcome these challenges in a…

Higher education is examining artificial intelligence (AI) as a key to increasing productivity and efficiency as colleges race to remain relevant and competitive in a rapidly evolving industry. With the increase of students taking online classes, professors are looking for solutions to help maintain integrity with their testing remotely. AI has…

As COVID-19 spread in early 2020, a lockdown was implemented across Canadian provinces and territories, resulting in the shuttering of physical post-secondary campuses. Universities quickly pivoted to remote learning, and faculty members adjusted their instructional and assessment approaches to align with virtual environments. Presumably to aid…

This paper reports on a participatory case study investigating the total shift to an electronic assessment and electronic proctoring modality in a traditional higher education academic institution in Lebanon due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It describes the novel real-time electronic assessment and proctoring system developed by the University of…

Online proctoring generally refers to the practice of proctors monitoring an exam over the internet, usually through a webcam. This technology has gained relevance during the current COVID-19 pandemic, given that the social distance owing to health reasons has consequently led to the switching of all learning and assessment activities to online…

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to rapid change, unprecedented in higher education. One such change has been the almost complete shift to online assessment. The simultaneous employment of online assessment and proctoring has not enjoyed the rigorous academic debate and research traditionally associated with such shifts in academia. This engagement…

The aim of the International Society for Technology, Education, and Science (iHSES) conference is to offer opportunities to share ideas, discuss theoretical and practical issues, and connect with the leaders in the fields of "humanities," "education" and "social sciences." It is organized for: (1) faculty members in…