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How Often is "Often"? The Use of Imprecise Terms in Exam Items.

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Case, Susan M. – 1988

This study was designed to gather data on the meaning of imprecise terms from items written by physicians for their students and by test committees for national licensure and certification examinations. A total of 32 members of test committees who write examination items for various medical specialty examinations participated in the study. Each…

Descriptors: Definitions, Higher Education, Item Analysis, Licensing Examinations (Professions)

Pupil Norms or Norms for Building Averages: Which Are Most Appropriate for Reporting Building Data and Other Summary Data?

Drahozal, Edward C. – 1986

This paper argues that the standard "When it is expected that a test will be used to make norm-referenced assessments of groups rather than individuals, normative data based on appropriate group statistics should be provided," which was considered secondary in the 1985 "Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing" and…

Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Elementary Education, Elementary Secondary Education, Grade Point Average