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When Less Is More: Meaningful Learning from Visual and Verbal Summaries of Science Textbook Lessons.
Peer reviewedMayer, Richard E.; And Others – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1996
In 3 experiments, 163 college students who read a summary with a sequence of short captions with simple illustrations depicting steps in a process recalled the steps and solved transfer problems as well as or better than students who received the full text with a summary or alone. (SLD)
Descriptors: College Students, Higher Education, Instructional Materials, Learning
Whyte, Jean; Harland, Rosemary – 1981
A study investigated the proposition that males have a predominant tendency to encode visually when reading, whereas females tend to encode phonologically. Arabic symbols were used to teach a group of 24 college students to "read." Subjects were assigned randomly to one of two conditions: learning the symbols as "letters" one by one with the aid…
Descriptors: College Students, Females, Higher Education, Learning Modalities
