On Monday, September 17, 1787, 39 delegates to the Federal Convention in Philadelphia signed the Constitution of the United States, along with Major William Jackson, who had served as the secretary of the Convention. That same day, Jackson received instructions to leave for New York City on Tuesday and carry the document to Congress. All of these…

When Americans from the eastern part of the United States began moving west in large numbers in the mid-nineteenth century, tensions escalated and conflicts erupted between and among settlers, railroad workers, ranchers, the United States military, and numerous Native American tribes. Incorporating balanced consideration of these diverse and…

On July 23, 1787, delegates at the Constitutional Convention established a Committee of Detail to prepare a report and a printed draft of a Constitution "conformable to the proceedings of the convention." Two weeks later, the committee submitted a printed rough draft to the delegates for their consideration. In this first draft, the Preamble began…

Considers the importance of having an historical understanding or perspective of the profession of educational technology. Discusses ideas of Ralph Waldo Emerson, including knowing the person and knowing the work (as a contemporary) and knowing a person from his or her work, as an introduction to essays on James Finn. (LRW)

Discusses the historiography of the Cold War, identifying five points central to orthodox interpretation, another five made by revisionist historians, and four by postrevisionists on the topic. Reexamines these interpretations, probing into their implications and identifying major points of conflict. (AEM)

The backside of a historical document can reveal interesting details about the document's history as an artifact. The details might relate directly to the document's travels, its owners, or handlers; or they might offer clues to the economic, social, and political conditions at the time of the document's creation. The back of a historical document…

Euro-American historians have not allowed Native American scholars to participate as intellectual equals in academic debates concerning Native history. A comparison of received histories of Sequoyah and the emergence of the Cherokee syllabary and Traveller Bird's 1971 "Tell Them They Lie" reveals that Traveller Bird's argument is at…

Scholars analyzing events in American Indian history have the responsibility to consider not only the White political and social milieu but also American Indian world views, kinship ties, and political and spiritual influences. The Walla Walla Council of 1855, involving U.S. officials and Northwest Plateau tribes, illustrates the importance of…

Recent educational reforms have led to a fragmented approach and return to earlier view that counseling should be provided by outside specialists. This is particularly evident in relation to the issue of student exclusion from schools, which goes against the growing emphasis on inclusion. Counseling has an important role to play in enhancing…

Contends that perceived weaknesses in the history profession and historical writing also are manifested by dissatisfaction with history textbooks. Describes the immediate and long-range impact of "The Rise of American Civilization," a college level textbook by Charles and Mary Beard. Contends that the book was comprehensive, well…

The 500th anniversary of the Columbian discovery of America is upon us, and with it the obligation to assess existing interpretations of the significance of the voyage and establishment of permanent links between the Old and New Worlds. The traditional, or bardic, version of the Columbian voyages and their consequences was the product of narrative…

Provides a review of the existing research literature on youth services librarianship which encompasses all library services to children and young adults, ages zero to eighteen in school and public librarian settings, and suggests a research agenda for future scholars. (Contains 144 references.) (LRW)

As a historic interpreter, individuals have the opportunity to educate the public about the complex lives of Appalachian women during the Civil War. This paper provides a voice for women who left very few documents in their own voice. It is part of ongoing research and education focusing on the roles of Appalachian women and the struggle to…

Explores reasons for the abuse phenomenon throughout traditional residential care provided for boys and young men in the United Kingdom. Addresses specifically the severe discipline which often became abusive, the presence of sexual abuse, severe staff reaction to resistance, and the similarities of regimen across the spectrum of traditional care…

In the early 1900s, a central theme in many books and scholarly works about Mexico and Mexicans was the transnational "Mexican problem"--the innate political and cultural backwardness that prevented Mexico's development and modernization. These works greatly influenced both U.S. policy toward Mexico and educational policies aimed at…