A review of the constitutional promises to black people, early congressional efforts to fulfill these promises, early court cases construing the Fourteenth Amendment and the impact of these decisions along with their subsequent overruling. (Author/JB)

Suggests that a constitution for the third century needs no improvement in the 14th Amendment. All that is required is that its promises be honored and that we be vigilant, lest, by reason of the very evil that arose out of its long nullification, it should once more be undermined. (Author)

One of the conclusions of this article is that the major source of resistance to desegregation and the correction of the 14th Amendment abuses has been from that segment of the majority community which is faced with losing some of its special (maldistributed) resources. (Author)

Presents a review of the U.S. Supreme Court decisions on school desegregation (since "Plessy v. Ferguson" in 1896) to assess the law's evolution over the past 100 years. Findings reveal that the Supreme Court has been responsible for both reinforcing the U.S. system of apartheid and for dismantling it. Changes in the law since the Brown…