Comparing Hmong families with other ethnic or cultural groups (whites, African-Americans, Hispanics, and other Asians), this study examined family-related supports and risks in a low-income, ethnically diverse sample of 242 children entering kindergarten in St. Paul, Minnesota. All kindergarten children from 23 kindergartens in 6 elementary…

There is abundant theoretical support for the value of Developmentally Appropriate Practice (DAP) at the elementary school level, but there has been relatively little research to document its effects. This paper explores the relationship between DAP and student achievement among low-income students in St. Paul, Minnesota, using research from an…

This study compared the academic performance and classroom behavior of Hmong-refugee first and second graders to those of classmates from other ethnic backgrounds. Two cohorts of children and families from six inner-city Saint Paul (Minnesota) elementary schools participated in this ongoing longitudinal study, for a total of 528 children entering…