A descriptive study of perceptions of husband support and family role change for returning women students was conducted. Husband support was considered important. However, the degree and impact of particular areas of husband support varied. Women reported little change in traditional division of labor and noted increased stress. (Author)

Women's lower achievement level in professions is explained by the Multiple Role Negotiation perspective as resulting from difficulty in balancing the "active," demanding roles of wife/mother and a high-level professional role. The findings reveal that neither males nor females perceive the female familial role as the "more active." (Author)

Examined relationship between maternal employment characteristics and father participation in child care by comparing trends in sample of 214 homemakers and employed women and sample of 139 professional women. Results indicated that, although husbands were more involved in child care when wives were employed, women were primary caregivers…

Time-budget and interview study with 60 married couples analyzed household labor activities in terms of whether they were experienced as work or leisure, and in terms of their perceptual dimensions and objective situational contexts. Found women defined their household labor activities more often as work than did males, and that situational…

This study describes the attitudes of Japanese housewives toward women's employment, and compares them with those of American housewives. A questionnaire was designed to assess beliefs and attitudes related to women's roles in work and family life. It was translated into Japanese for purposes of comparison. Questionnaires were administered to over…

The reason that people think women and men differ in their general qualities may be that the two sexes tend to be observed in different social roles. To explore the sources of stereotypes about men and women several experiments were conducted. Most of the studies involved randomly selected college students who were presented with a description of…

This study examined the relationship of gender, sex role orientation, and work attitudes to the domestic division of labor in 141 working couples. Couples completed the Bem Sex Role Inventory and a questionnaire on the performance of household tasks. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed that working women performed a disproportionately larger…

Utilizing questionnaires, this study investigated the possible relationships among sex role ideology, sex role socialization experiences and motivation for parenthood. Subjects included 174 adopting (the traditional homemaker-mother role) and 126 dual-career parents. Adoptive subjects tended to express traditional sex role ideologies, while…

A random sample of 86 homemakers was included in this study to determine the relationship between the homemakers of Union County's use of recommended budgeting and record keeping practices and selected characteristics. The personal and family characteristics considered were the age of the homemaker, age of the homemaker's husband, and employment…

The purpose of this article is to provide guidelines for counseling families in which the wife/mother is physically disabled. Common psychological reactions to disability are briefly discussed, followed by four goals of a counseling relationship with a family in which the wife/mother is disabled. (Author)

Serveral facets of the homemaker job were analyzed in terms of the dynamic relationship between husband and wife. Husband and wife pairs (N=71) completed a questionnaire which assessed satisfaction with the homemaker job, marital satisfaction, distribution of responsibility for homemaker tasks between husband and wife, and other variables. (Author)

Compared amount of time dual-career husbands and wives spent in housework (total N=1,565) relative to their same-sex counterparts in other dual-earner and single-earner households (N=1,565). Found that dual-career couples were not more egalitarian than other couples in allocation of time to household labor. Discusses consequences for extent of…

Uses the 1973 and 1977 Quality of Employment Surveys to test the assumption that women expend less effort in the workplace because of family and household responsibilities. Concludes that, on average, women allocate more effort to work than do men despite their greater household responsibilities. (Author/GEA)

Investigated reactions of rural housewives (N=95) to their husbands' retirement and factors associated with satisfaction of rural wives during the retirement years. Found a highly consistent relationship between joint decision-making by husband and wife and satisfaction of the wife in retirement. (Author/ABB)

The authors explain how role playing helps home health aides learn to cope with common problems that arise in their work with the homebound elderly and their families. (CT)