This article examines the importance of doubt in Western philosophy, with particular attention to the work of Søren Kierkegaard and Miguel de Unamuno. Kierkegaard's pseudonymous author Johannes Climacus ventures down the pathway of doubt, finds it perplexing and difficult and discovers that he is unable to return to his pre-doubting self. In…

In today's world we appear to place a premium on happiness. Happiness is often portrayed, directly or indirectly, as one of the key aims of education. To suggest that education is concerned with promoting unhappiness or even despair would, in many contexts, seem outlandish. This paper challenges these widely held views. Focusing on the work…

Discusses the educational thought of Paulo Freire, focusing on metaphysical, ontological, epistemological, and ethical aspects. Presents Freire as a constructivist who viewed humanity as an ever-unfinished construction by human beings. Contrasts Freire's thought with that of Plato. (AS)