This paper examines the intersection of heritage-language education advocacy with anti-racist activism in the 1970s and 1980s in Toronto. The province of Ontario initiated the Heritage Languages Program in 1977. By focusing on discontinuities in the policy's implementation, the paper identifies multiple strategies that Black anti-racist activists…

Observations from site visits in England and Wales and a limited review of the literature about bilingual education of young children, particularly of preschool age, are reported here. The current native language teaching situation in England and several related ongoing research projects are described, and English as a second language programs and…

This curriculum guide for a Spanish and English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) literacy unit for adult students consists of an introductory section, a diagnostic test and a course of instruction, and appended materials. The introduction outlines the institution's part-time personnel policies as they relate to program instructors, common questions and…

Discusses language policy in Quebec, reviewing the rise of French as the dominant language in the province, the maintenance and promotion of heritage languages and cultures in public and private schools, and three initiatives to promote second-language study (parent-child classes for immigrants, French language courses for adults, and school…

The report describes and assesses an adult literacy program for Hmong immigrant adults in Green Bay, Wisconsin. The overall approach was to assist students in developing a new communication system using principles of intercultural communication and community networking. The instructional model had four components: native language literacy…

This document consists of the three issues of the serial "VOX" published in 1989-1991. Major articles in these issues include: "The Original Languages of Australia"; "UNESCO and Universal Literacy"; "Language Shift and Maintenance in Torres Strait"; "Maintaining and Developing Italian in…