Most individuals who take, interpret, design, or score tests are aware that examinees do not always provide full effort when responding to items. However, many such individuals are not aware of how pervasive the issue is, what its consequences are, and how to address it. In this digital ITEMS module, Dr. James Soland will help fill these gaps in…

With college-loan debt making many rethink the country's college-for-all mindset, apprenticeships are becoming more attractive. Before the pandemic, the number of people starting apprenticeships had more than doubled over the previous 10 years. That progress stalled during COVID's height, but data for 2021, the most recent available, show that…

On March 15, 2024, the Civil Rights Division (the Division) of the U.S. Department of Justice issued a resource for families and students on confronting discrimination based on religion in public schools. The document recognizes that in schools around the country, students have reported unfair treatment, bullying, and harassment because of their…

This Data Point uses data from the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009 (HSLS:09), a national study of more than 23,000 ninth-graders in 2009. Students answered surveys between 2009 and 2016. This Data Point investigates whether high school students met with counselors about college and if meetings varied by parental education. It also describes…

Increases and decreases in university students' drinking during and after the pandemic will be influenced by multiple factors, including their access to alcohol, COVID-related stress, social support, and whether they live with parents or on campus. Many will engage in elevated drinking, especially upon return to the campus environment. It is our…

This article traces the history of census undercount and its importance to civil rights. The Constitution mandates a census and calls for Congress to use the results to apportion seats in Congress and the Electoral College. A substantial undercount in the census will misallocate congressional and electoral college votes. More recently,…

The application of strength and conditioning principles and concepts are built into the national standards and grade-level outcomes; however, the prevailing FITT formula does not meet the needs of students today. Instead of one standard workout program for all, students need to learn about a nonlinear, or undulating, program that provides options…

Plagiarism is a consistent source of concern for educators, and particularly so for English for Academic Purposes (EAP) practitioners, whose objective is to equip students for success across the curriculum. Plagiarism has been on the EAP research agenda for some 35 years and remains a topic of considerable research interest. While perceptions of…

Pediatric sleep deficits represent a prevalent, albeit remediable, problem for school-age individuals (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017). Estimates of pediatric sleep deficits are variable, however the proportion of individuals exhibiting and reporting these deficits have shown an upward trajectory over the past 20 years, ranging…

In difficult situations as the COVID-19 crisis, people try to find explanations in order for their mind not to be in an alert state anymore. The new pandemic did not spread only the SARS-COV-2 virus, but also it spread a lot of misinformation and disinformation, a lot of fake news and plenty of conspiracy theories. Even if before COVID-19 there…

This fact sheet reports data from the 2017-18 Civil Rights Data Collection (CRDC), a biennial survey of nearly all public schools and school districts, including charter schools, in the United States. It explores information about identified English learners (ELs) who attended charter schools in school year (SY) 2017-18. Graphics include: (1)…

Young adults and teenagers spend a significant amount of time each day using social media, but very few of them have thought about the ethical implications of what they post or view on these platforms. This activity provides students with the opportunity to (1) log and evaluate the amount of time and types of posts they are creating on social…

Intercollegiate athletics occupies a unique place in higher education, but little is known about administrators working in this area. This chapter proposes a functional definition of "mid-level" in the context of college sports, describes the prevalence of these jobs nationally, and summarizes key factors associated with mid-level…

The share of at-risk students has increased post pandemic requiring a response that matches the magnitude of the impact. High dosage tutoring has been one strategy to address the needs. If implemented effectively and at the proper scale, accelerated academic growth is possible. This brief reviews the collection of research on high dosage tutoring,…

School-based testing is often well suited and widely used for monitoring students' academic progress. However, for almost a century, researchers have taken an interest in the potential moderating qualities of testing student's academic achievements on their academic achievements (Jones, 1923; Keys, 1934; Kulp, 1933; Spitzer, 1939; Turney, 1931);…