We study the effects of intergovernmental grants on school spending within the Finnish system of high school education funding. Using a kinked grant rule, the system allocates lump-sum intergovernmental grants to local high school education providers. Utilizing the quasi-experimental variation in grants given by the rule, we identify the effects…

Species literacy is an important aspect of biodiversity education. This study assesses the ability of secondary students (12/13 years old; n = 944) to list wild animals and plants and aims to determine whether this is linked with their interest in nature, their preferences towards animals and plants and different groups therein, the school type…

Background: Previous research has shown two-way associations between rental tenure, poorer housing quality, and health outcomes, but little research has looked at relative housing contributions to health outcomes. Aims: We investigated whether tenure and/or dwelling condition were associated with housing-sensitive hospitalizations and whether any…

Background: School environments providing a wide selection of physical activities and sufficient facilities are both essential and formative to ensure young people adopt active lifestyles. We describe the association between school opportunities for physical activity and socioeconomic factors measured by low-income cutoff index, school size…

Fertility rates have fallen dramatically around the world. In some countries, there are no longer enough children being born to replace adult populations. The disappearance of children is a matter of concern matched only by fears that childhood is becoming too structured or not structured enough, too short or too long, or just simply too different…

This report summarizes demographic, economic, and social statistics on Canada's rural and small towns through 1989. Rural and small towns include areas with populations of less than 10,000 persons or a population density of less than 400 per square kilometer. The first section examines rural-urban differences in population trends and age…

This second issue of "Education for All: Status and Trends" focuses on the interactions between basic education and certain demographic and socioeconomic phenomena. It examines significant correlations between selected indicators and the trends in those indicators over a decade or more. It also presents projections of certain indicators to the…

Although child mortality rates have significantly improved in recent decades, most children in Latin America and the Caribbean are still living in poverty and are poorly educated. Investing in education has beneficial effects on birth rates, health, income equality, and the environment. Includes tables describing economic, educational, and infant…