This article had four goals. First, the authors identified a set of general challenges and questions that a life-span theory of development should address. Second, they presented a comprehensive account of their Motivational Theory of Life-Span Development. They integrated the model of optimization in primary and secondary control and the…

External orientation was significantly related to feelings of political incapability. Early personal orientation toward problem solving led to generalized expectations providing long-range motivational and behavioral patterns for individuals throughout life. (Author/NRB)

In order to give the psychological conception of alienation greater cogency relative to the influence of sociological alienation, research is needed that ties alienation attitudes to individual personal behavior. It was hypothesized that the stronger the alienation attitudes of people, the weaker will be their exploratory behavior. Thus,…

A 5-week, 12-hour course given to the community emphasized understanding and coping with stress. At the beginning of the course several inventories were administered to the students, who also completed the instruments in a follow-up procedure 10-12 weeks after the end of the seminar. The course focused on recognition of stress signals and the…

The Ehrhardt Training Seminar (E.S.T.) program is but one example of a self-help technique based on the premise that people will improve their personal lives and professional effectiveness to the extent that they can "break through the act" to discern the real self which is full of capacity and power when released from fear and constraint. Many…