Offers reflections on the peer review process, the errors of some reviewers and editors, and recommendations to improve peer review that will increase the quality of science. Discusses issues of review process, the primacy of research results, and the responsibilities of editors. (SLD)

The difference in effect on power of restriction of range between treatments under experimental control and categories formed from examinee (individual differences) variables is discussed. Conditions under which there is loss or increase of power are explained. (SLD)

The author questions why intelligence and intelligence testing have been so lightly treated in recent years. The topic has been in disfavor, and citizens and educators have tended to swing from one extreme to another in their evaluations of such matters of social concerns. This virtual dismissal of intelligence has been followed by great…

When spatial ability was regressed on a measure of general intelligence in a large national sample of 12th graders, a bimodal distribution of spatial ability was found among low scoring students, suggesting two qualitatively different types of individuals. Characteristics of these students are discussed, and an organic impairment is suggested as…

Kirby and Das (EJ 182 444) dichotomized measures of individual differences and treated them as independent variables in an analysis of variance. Correlational analysis would have provided more powerful tests of their hypotheses. Interpretation of the dichotomized variables as independent, causal antecedents of their measures of intelligence would…

Preliminary factor analyses of predictor tests in advantaged and disadvantaged groups is recommended as a way of forming a priori expectations concerning validities of the predictors to guide both use and research. (Authors)

Two articles discuss the controversy about the relationship between reliability and the power of significance tests in response to the discussion of Donald W. Zimmerman, Richard H. Williams, and Bruno D. Zumbo. Lloyd G. Humphreys emphasizes the differences between what statisticians can do and constraints on researchers. Zimmerman, Williams, and…

The hypothesis that coping with novelty is a key aspect of intelligence is not supported by the data of Sternberg and Gastel. It is contended that these authors committed a common error by interpreting correlations involving difference scores without reference to the properties of the components of the difference. (SLD)

A reanalysis of Stephens' intercorrelations of Wechsler subtests, achievement tests, and Piagetian tasks was conducted. (EJ 055 112) Piagetian tasks contributed almost equally to the definition of the general factor in intelligence along with the Wechsler subtests and the achievement tests. Communality outweighed differences between intelligence…

In studies of the relationship between masculinity-femininity and intelligence, data should be analyzed using correlational analysis for the complete distribution, rather than analysis of variance of extreme groups. The earlier work of Baucom and Welsh (EJ 171 822) was used as illustration. (BW)

Four tests were chosen for a study that investigated the hypothesis that individual differences in aural comprehension might anticipate individual differences in general information. A composite of eight subtest scores from the Test of General Information (TGI) was used as a measure of students' general knowledge. The Listening section of the…