Reviews studies in which the psychophysiological responses of Type A and B subjects were studied in various contexts. It appears that Type A's manifest greater psychophysiological arousal in solitary as well as interpersonal situations in which there is a moderate external incentive to accomplish something and an intermediate probability of…

Development through learning (the concept that managers learn, grow, and undergo personal change resulting from the roles, responsibilities, and tasks encountered in their jobs) has become an important field with a developed body of literature. Although on-the-job experiences have always been a powerful source of managerial learning, they have…

This document reviews research findings on criteria used to determine age of entry into first grade. Criteria discussed include chronological age, mental age, I.Q., sex, and physical development (teething, visual development, etc.). In general, the research reviewed supports later entry, especially for children with below average intelligence. For…

Psychological studies on personality characteristics obtained from individuals prior to being diagnosed as alcoholics are reviewed. Retrospective studies suggesting an association between childhood anti-social behavior and the subsequent problem of alcoholism are presented, supported by studies of the personality inventories of college students…

This paper reviews the literature on the elderly prisoner, defined in the majority of studies as 50 or 55 years of age. A discussion from several surveys dealing with the numbers of older adult felons is presented and the crimes that brought these older men to prison are described. Some of the characteristics of older prisoners are discussed,…

The authors have developed a bibliography related to key issues in adolescent sexuality. Included are the following topics: (1) biological basis of sexuality; (2) adolescent sexual behavior; (3) homosexuality; (4) contraception and contraceptive behavior; (5) venereal disease; (6) morals; (7) abortion; (8) historical or anthropological view; (9)…

Arranged in three parts, this booklet provides teachers at the early childhood and primary grade levels with guidelines for using children's literature in social studies instruction. Chapter 1 discusses rationale and procedure. Separate subsections emphasize the significant role reading books can play in developing a child's self-concept,…

Efforts to use eye movement data to elucidate cognitive processes center on phenomena ranging from basic physiological processes to complex processes such as decision-making and job performance, and have been very productive. Irrespective of the particular task being studied, individual differences efforts have yielded differences in eye movements…

Although both the general public and research scientists intuitively understand the word learning, the meanings they assign to it vary. Nevertheless, there is too much concern about generalizing the meaning, and too little concern about learning context. Learning context is the internal, changing relation between individual and situation; it is…

Empirical cluster analysis methods have been the basis for development of a phenomenological classification of depressive disorders. Verbal descriptions of the distinguishing features of anxious, hostile, agitated, and retarded subtypes of depression are provided to facilitate development of clinical classification concepts. A review of validity…

The research review revealed that neither deception nor gullibility affects individual differences in acceptance, that subjects accurately recognize the triviality and actual accuracy of Barnum feedback, and that bogus feedback may persuade subjects to alter their self-evaluations slightly. The acceptance phenomenon manifests subjects' rationality…

This annotated bibliography focuses on the ethological study of child development and the educational process. Topics covered include: (1) evolution; (2) dominance hierarchies and social organization; (3) agonistic, affiliative, and epistemic behaviors; (4) nonverbal communication; (5) play; (6) biological constraints on learning; and (7) relevant…

A bibliography with approximately 1,000 references to articles on multidimensional scaling (MDS) is preceded by a summary review tracing the major developments in the areas covered, and identifying significant references in each. With the exception of a few earlier documents, the period covered is 1966 to 1978. Topics mentioned in the summary…

Reviewed task-related differences in physiological arousal between Type A and Type B persons and found that differences are less consistent and of a smaller magnitude than what is usually assumed. Furthermore, the median difference in systolic blood pressure between Type A and Type B persons working on tasks was small. (Author/JAC)

Notes that children's books are a valuable source for teachers to bring topics before their students, begin discussions that promote the acceptance of special needs learners, and teach children about the differences that individuals bring to learning situations. Presents annotations of several books that deal with subjects that can be difficult…