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Ying Wu; Xiaoxie Liu; Yuanyuan Zhao; Xinyan Chen; Jianwu Gao – Language Learning & Technology, 2025
While multimodal glossing is supported by theories like Mayer's Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning, its effectiveness remains debated due to potential cognitive demands. This study examined how repeated exposures, working memory (WM), and gloss lookup behaviors influence vocabulary retention. Ninety-six Chinese high school students were…
Descriptors: High School Students, Foreign Countries, Second Language Learning, Vocabulary
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Pengchong Zhang; Shi Zhang – Language Learning & Technology, 2025
Multimodal input can significantly support second language (L2) vocabulary learning and comprehension. However, very little research has examined how L2 learners, especially young learners, allocate attention when exposed to such input and whether learning from multimodal input can be explained by attention allocation. This study therefore…
Descriptors: Attention, Eye Movements, Vocabulary Development, Reading Comprehension
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Gass, Susan; Winke, Paula; Isbell, Daniel R.; Ahn, Jieun – Language Learning & Technology, 2019
Captions provide a useful aid to language learners for comprehending videos and learning new vocabulary, aligning with theories of multimedia learning. Multimedia learning predicts that a learner's working memory (WM) influences the usefulness of captions. In this study, we present two eye-tracking experiments investigating the role of WM in…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Short Term Memory, Multimedia Instruction, Teaching Methods