Results from use of Role Construct Repertory Test and Bipolar Implication Grid with 17 undergraduates support hypotheses that: (1) personal constructs elicited early in repertory test are subjectively more important than those elicited later; (2) former tend to be more meaningful than latter in terms of implication potential; and (3) implication…

Examined personality differences in 71 residents in a community drug abuse program, using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Results showed successfully treated patients tended to be more aware of their problems and realize a greater need for help. They were slightly more depressed, suspicious, and anxious than unsuccessful patients.…

Adult subjects (N=10) were studied to determine whether inconsistent information about others produces more discrimination of people or leads to alternative ways of categorizing. Pretest-posttest indications indicated inconsistency produced more discrimination of others and alternative ways of categorizing others. (SBP)

Explored the relationship between Machiavellianism and preference for business occupations in 60 Canadian students majoring in business or arts. Results confirmed that both business and nonbusiness High Machs were characterized by emotional stability. Business High Machs were significantly more extraverted, reinforcing the popular perception of…

Compared high-machiavellian and non-machiavellian college students in two studies. Results showed no differences between high- and non-machiavellian students for neuroses, psychoses, depression or adjustment. Further, non-machiavellians who received descriptions of high-machiavellians consistently produced valid representations of…

Results indicated that female monozygotic twins were more satisfied with their total self-concepts, including categories of identity, behavior, moral-ethical, personal, family, and number of deviant scores, when compared with male monozygotic twins. (Author)

The subject content of the study was a public forested area. Both user and general populations of the area were sampled to obtain a diversity of results about the functional nature of attitudes and/or behavior. Results indicated that there were differences among individuals with regard to the larger context. (Author)

Investigated the possibility that the extent to which people expect typical events to occur is correlated with the degree to which people make positive judgements about their acquaintances. Results supported this possibility and suggested that the typicality of scripts is indicative of the general positivity of a person's expectations. (Author/JAC)

The attitudes of cognitively complex subjects were not more likely to polarize after thought. No differences between complex and noncomplex subjects were obtained with the original set, and with the replication set noncomplex subjects were more likely to polarize. Results suggest limitations on the generality of polarization. (Author)

This study investigated reactions to an anti-alcohol communication delivered by convert and nonconvert communicators. In four convert conditions the communicator was presented as a former alcoholic. The convert's communication was either Personal or Impersonal. Overall evaluations of the communicator and communication were significantly more…

The pleasure-arousal hypothesis predicts an interaction between pleasure and arousal levels in determining approach-avoidance, such that approach increases with arousal in pleasant settings and decreases with arousal in unpleasant settings. Results support this hypothesis. (Author)

The relationship between the ability to coordinate social perspectives and levels of anxiety induced by the social context was studied. Results showed a relative failure to coordinate perspectives in the "anxious" compared with the "neutral" condition and were discussed in terms of social contextual effects on aspects of social cognitive…

Other-directed (interpersonally sensitive) or inner-directed (interpersonally less sensitive) students (N=80) observed a videotape of a person acting in either a role-consonant or a role-deviant manner. As expected, there was significantly less variance among the ratings when other-directed observers viewed role-deviant behavior than in the other…

Examined the relationships among role stress (i.e., role conflict and ambiguity), job-related tension, job satisfaction, and propensity to terminate employment for a national sample of both male and female accountants (N=1080) in public, industrial, and government accounting. Results indicated that accountants cannot be treated as a homogeneous…

Administered two questionnaires to 800 Israeli subjects which examine the affiliation need in four groups of situations. No differences were found between first and later-borns in their tendency to associate with others. Results showed significant interaction between sex and specific situational factors. (Author/RC)