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Showing 1 to 15 of 55 results Save | Export
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Valentina Gliozzi – Cognitive Science, 2024
We propose a simple computational model that describes potential mechanisms underlying the organization and development of the lexical-semantic system in 18-month-old infants. We focus on two independent aspects: (i) on potential mechanisms underlying the development of taxonomic and associative priming, and (ii) on potential mechanisms underlying…
Descriptors: Infants, Computation, Models, Cognitive Development
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Kersey, Alyssa J.; Emberson, Lauren L. – Developmental Science, 2017
Although infants begin learning about their environment before they are born, little is known about how the infant brain changes during learning. Here, we take the initial steps in documenting how the neural responses in the brain change as infants learn to associate audio and visual stimuli. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNRIS) to…
Descriptors: Infants, Child Development, Spectroscopy, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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Langeloh, Miriam; Buttelmann, David; Pauen, Sabina; Hoehl, Stefanie – Developmental Psychology, 2020
Behavioral research has shown that 12- but not 9-month-olds imitate an unusual and inefficient action (turning on a lamp with one's forehead) more when the model's hands are free. Rational-imitation accounts suggest that infants evaluate actions based on the rationality principle, that is, they expect people to choose efficient means to achieve a…
Descriptors: Infants, Diagnostic Tests, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Video Technology
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Radulescu, Silvia; Wijnen, Frank; Avrutin, Sergey – Language Learning and Development, 2020
From limited evidence, children track the regularities of their language impressively fast and they infer generalized rules that apply to novel instances. This study investigated what drives the inductive leap from memorizing specific items and statistical regularities to extracting abstract rules. We propose an innovative entropy model that…
Descriptors: Linguistic Input, Language Acquisition, Grammar, Learning Processes
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Kaldy, Zsuzsa; Guillory, Sylvia B.; Blaser, Erik – Developmental Science, 2016
We tested 8- and 10-month-old infants' visual working memory (VWM) for object-location bindings--"what is where"--with a novel paradigm, Delayed Match Retrieval, that measured infants' anticipatory gaze responses (using a Tobii T120 eye tracker). In an inversion of Delayed-Match-to-Sample tasks and with inspiration from the game…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Models, Infants, Eye Movements
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Twomey, Katherine E.; Westermann, Gert – Developmental Science, 2018
Infants are curious learners who drive their own cognitive development by imposing structure on their learning environment as they explore. Understanding the mechanisms by which infants structure their own learning is therefore critical to our understanding of development. Here we propose an explicit mechanism for intrinsically motivated…
Descriptors: Infants, Infant Behavior, Child Development, Learning Processes
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Yildirim, Ilker; Jacobs, Robert A. – Cognition, 2013
We study people's abilities to transfer object category knowledge across visual and haptic domains. If a person learns to categorize objects based on inputs from one sensory modality, can the person categorize these same objects when the objects are perceived through another modality? Can the person categorize novel objects from the same…
Descriptors: Novelty (Stimulus Dimension), Stimuli, Infants, Visual Stimuli
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Yang, Jiale; Kanazawa, So; Yamaguchi, Masami K.; Kuriki, Ichiro – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2013
The current study examined color constancy in infants using a familiarization paradigm. We first obtained isoluminance in each infant as defined by the minimum motion paradigm and used these data to control the luminance of stimuli in the main experiments. In the familiarization phase of the main experiment, two identical smiling face patterns…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Infants, Models, Color
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Piantadosi, Steven T.; Kidd, Celeste; Aslin, Richard – Developmental Science, 2014
Studies of infant looking times over the past 50 years have provided profound insights about cognitive development, but their dependent measures and analytic techniques are quite limited. In the context of infants' attention to discrete sequential events, we show how a Bayesian data analysis approach can be combined with a rational cognitive…
Descriptors: Infants, Eye Movements, Infant Behavior, Cognitive Development
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Rabagliati, Hugh; Pylkkanen, Liina; Marcus, Gary F. – Developmental Psychology, 2013
Language is rife with ambiguity. Do children and adults meet this challenge in similar ways? Recent work suggests that while adults resolve syntactic ambiguities by integrating a variety of cues, children are less sensitive to top-down evidence. We test whether this top-down insensitivity is specific to syntax or a general feature of children's…
Descriptors: Ambiguity (Semantics), Syntax, Psycholinguistics, Infants
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Bedford, Rachael; Pickles, Andrew; Gliga, Teodora; Elsabbagh, Mayada; Charman, Tony; Johnson, Mark H. – Developmental Science, 2014
Emerging findings from studies with infants at familial high risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), owing to an older sibling with a diagnosis, suggest that those who go on to develop ASD show early impairments in the processing of stimuli with both social and non-social content. Although ASD is defined by social-communication impairments and…
Descriptors: Infants, Autism, Attention, Eye Movements
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Di Giorgio, Elisa; Turati, Chiara; Altoe, Gianmarco; Simion, Francesca – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2012
The ability to detect and prefer a face when embedded in complex visual displays was investigated in 3- and 6-month-old infants, as well as in adults, through a modified version of the visual search paradigm and the recording of eye movements. Participants "(N" = 43) were shown 32 visual displays that comprised a target face among 3 or 5…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Attention, Human Body, Adults
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Teubert, Manuel; Lohaus, Arnold; Fassbender, Ina; Vierhaus, Marc; Spangler, Sibylle; Borchert, Sonja; Freitag, Claudia; Goertz, Claudia; Graf, Frauke; Gudi, Helene; Kolling, Thorsten; Lamm, Bettina; Keller, Heidi; Knopf, Monika; Schwarzer, Gudrun – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2012
This longitudinal study examined the influence of stimulus material on attention and expectation learning in the visual expectation paradigm. Female faces were used as attention-attracting stimuli, and non-meaningful visual stimuli of comparable complexity (Greebles) were used as low attention-attracting stimuli. Expectation learning performance…
Descriptors: Expectation, Visual Stimuli, Infants, Models
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Bauch, Eva M.; Otten, Leun J. – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2012
Memory improves when encoding and retrieval processes overlap. Here, we investigated how the neural bases of long-term memory encoding vary as a function of the degree to which functional processes engaged at study are engaged again at test. In an incidental learning paradigm, electrical brain activity was recorded from the scalps of healthy…
Descriptors: Incidental Learning, Long Term Memory, Brain, Infants
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Frank, Michael C.; Tenenbaum, Joshua B. – Cognition, 2011
Children learning the inflections of their native language show the ability to generalize beyond the perceptual particulars of the examples they are exposed to. The phenomenon of "rule learning"--quick learning of abstract regularities from exposure to a limited set of stimuli--has become an important model system for understanding generalization…
Descriptors: Native Language, Observation, Models, Language Acquisition
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