The article describes China's alternative to Western technical education, a national program of industry-based education for experienced workers called "July 21st Workers Colleges" (from a 1968 statement by Mao). Regular universities and colleges may assist these Workers Colleges, where classes may be full time or part time. (MF)

Discusses the use of joint training approaches in industrial relations and the most effective training methods and techniques for the different groups in the industrial relations scene: management, supervisors, and union representatives. Outlines an industrial relations joint training strategy devised by the authors. (MF)

Current methods of introducing creativity techniques in industrial training courses can be modified to increase the amount of personalized learning, according to the authors. They offer a framework for a new approach to creativity training in short courses and workshops, with both in-house and business school examples. (MF)

Describes the process by which trainers designed and ran an employee clerical skills programs and prepared modules, such as communication skills and creative thinking/problem solving, to be included in courses where needed. The flexibility of this learner-centered training was more effective than any standard course or package. (MF)

Describes a change program developed for a small manufacturing firm to enable management to cope with organizational change and development. Intervention methods included data collection, anonymous questionnaires, a confrontation meeting, and introduction of change technologies using the organizational analysis approach. Benefits and problems…

Describes problems resulting from the use of immigrant industrial workers with poor language understanding and the method used to assess functional oral English for occupational purposes. While the form of assessment provides authentic data for company training and communication needs, further research is needed to resolve some problems. (MF)