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Hofman, Roelande H.; Dijkstra, Nynke J.; Hofman, W. H. Adriaan – School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 2009
In the last 2 decades, educational systems have developed accountability policies in which schools maintain autonomy for their pedagogical, instructional, and organizational practices (internal control). At the same time, they are held accountable to public authorities (external control) for the quality of their education. It is not clear whether…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Educational Quality, Statistical Analysis, Accountability