Background: NHS England's "Transforming Care" agenda aims to reduce the number of adults with intellectual disabilities and autistic adults in mental health hospitals. The aim was to understand the demographic and clinical characteristics of those most at risk of admission. Method: A cohort, retrospective study of adults using community…

People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are overrepresented in the criminal legal system. Further, many people with IDD move between large state-run institutions and the criminal legal system. In 2019, for example, 29% of people moving into large state-run institutions came from jails, prisons, and other correctional…

The study's aim was to explore the capacity of community-based providers of residential supports and services to support people with intellectual and developmental disabilities who transitioned out of state-operated institutions into community-based settings. Receiving agency survey results from 65 agencies and individual-level variables of 2,499…

Obtaining informed consent is the foundation of ethics in clinical research involving human participants. Individuals who provide informed consent acknowledge they understand all aspects of the research including the nature of the study, the risks and benefits of participation, the participants' rights, study procedures, research duration,…

Background: Deinstitutionalization research shows better services and outcomes relative to institutional life but has not compared formerly institutionalised and never-institutionalised service users. Methods: We used propensity score matching (PSM) to match formerly institutionalised and never-institutionalised participants on six personal…

The large, often miserable, state-run institutions that used to house people with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD) are closing as people with IDD increasingly live in community. Most states are actively working to close the remaining large state-run and non-state IDD institutions. If current trends continue, the remaining state-run…

Purpose: The concept of Quality of Life (QoL) for people with neurodevelopmental disorders primarily focuses on deinstitutionalisation and community inclusion. This population, however, often presents with comorbid diagnoses and is sectioned to treatment facilities under the Mental Health Act. The aim of this paper is to review the existing…

Introduction: Features of intellectual disability (ID) and/or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may hinder responsiveness to interventions typically used during psychiatric hospitalization to manage severely disruptive behavior, and could increase the likelihood of experiencing restraint and/or seclusion (R/S). This study investigated the occurrence…

Adaptive functioning (AF) has been overlooked in the assessment of intellectual disability within the UK Prison Service, primarily because there are no reliable and valid measures of AF suitable for use with prison populations. This position is incompatible with the obligation of Her Majesty's Prison and Probation Service to provide specialist…

The number of students with disabilities entering youth development centers is increasing exponentially. The youth development center schools that are responsible for providing academic services to these students are inadequately staffed with special education teachers to meet the behavioral and academic needs of juvenile offenders with…

Background: In the UK, little is known about the experience of ex-prisoners with intellectual disabilities. Method: A qualitative study was therefore conducted to investigate what life is like for ten men with intellectual disabilities who left prison at least 9 months previously. Semi-structured interviews were employed to explore the men's views…

Introduction: People with learning disabilities in the United Kingdom are being incarcerated in hospital settings due to lack of suitable community care and support. Factors influencing discharge from institutional/hospital care to enable successful community living have not been explored systematically. Method: A systematic review using the…

Background: There is little research with people who experience intellectual/developmental disabilities and imprisonment. Methods: The study linked health and correctional data to examine prevalence of intellectual/developmental disabilities and health and correctional characteristics among adults experiencing their first federal incarceration…

Background: Historically, the emotional lives and mental health needs of adults with learning disabilities received scant attention, especially when the policy of institutionalisation was at its zenith in the UK. Materials and Methods: This case study employed biographical narrative interviews based on a psychosocial approach. The main sources of…

Background: Data from sex offender treatment programmes (SOTP) on the re-offending of convicted sex offenders from the prison service in England and Wales was recently reviewed and found to be associated with no change in sexual reoffending. While this result is at variance with a number of other reviews it does give rise to concern as most…