Background/purpose: The incorporation of generative artificial intelligence (AI) into higher education is transforming competency-based learning by enabling adaptive, interactive, and immersive environments. This study aimed to design and evaluate an innovation mechanism that integrates AI agents with 3D interfaces, focusing not only on technical…

Energy education has been conducted to equip learners with relevant energy conservation knowledge for many years. However, learners seldom put the knowledge into practice and even have few ideas about how to reduce energy consumption. To this end, there is a need to address this issue to improve the efficiency of energy education. One of the…