Reflects on the development of instructional design, relating the progress made in task analysis, the use of taxonomies of learning outcomes, sequencing of instruction, simulation, media selection, and instructional strategies. (RAO)

A conceptual framework for instructional design is introduced which includes three major components: task analysis (involving dimensions such as objectives, skills, and subject matter structure), learner analysis (concerned with variables such as age, population, and group characteristics), and means analysis (involving the selection of…

Design considerations for instruction for the deaf are discussed in the context of a specific CAI program to teach deaf children from 10 to 15 years old in a vocational or pre-vocational stream how to use a ruler. This includes the task, learner, and means analysis involved in the development of the program. The virtues of CAI as a medium or…

Discusses three phases of instructional design (ID)--definition of instructional parameters, analysis and synthesis of instructional alternatives, and implementation of instructional plan--and presents a 15-step ID model. Included for each step are a descriptive name, boxed example, and rationale and (as applicable) current state of technology for…

The availability of audiovisual equipment offers teachers a wide choice of teaching tools and increases the importance of careful instructional planning. This paper addresses the responsibility of teacher educators for teaching not only the use and selection of these resources, but also basic instructional design. A brief synopsis of the…

This article summarizes the systematic process of instructional development by breaking down the three major stages of instructional analysis, design, and formative evaluation into the steps of needs analysis, learner analysis, task analysis, concept analysis, specification of instructional requirements, and the statement of instructional…

This paper describes a new instructional development model, the INTERACT model, for use in instructional design of interactive instruction, especially interactive computer-delivered instruction such as intelligent tutors and videodisc-based computer-based instruction (CBI). The model is derived largely from current practice in instructional…

A brief review of some of the more important needs imposed by current and projected Department of Defense training problems is followed by descriptions of such automated aids as the LAMPS MARK III Weapons System and the Air Force's F-16 Instructional System Development (ISD) effort. These aids have been designed and developed in response to the…

Examines the need for integrating assumptions about learning processes with the decisions typically made when designing instructional systems. The relationships between learning theory and instructional design are discussed, and suggestions offered for improving the design process. Extensive references are included. (Author/BK)

Discussion of instructional design for distance education compares team-based and faculty-driven design approaches based on three online graduate degree programs in two disciplinary areas. Discusses design considerations for online graduate distance education, including needs analysis, content and task analysis, and media selection and design; and…

Discusses incremental decisions that need to be made when selecting a videodisc system and presents guidelines for moving through the learning and decision-making process. Guidelines cover understanding the technology, understanding the videodisc project process, composing the project team, establishing requirements and considering the budget, and…

This report covers the Phase I activities of a project for the development of Instructional Systems Development (ISD) based training programs for Marine and Navy F-4 pilots and Radar Intercept Officers (RIO). In addition to developing specified end-products to be used in subsequent ISD phases, it was an effort to evaluate the utility of the…