This study explores multilingual study guidance (MSG) teachers design for learning and the potential of immersive and interactive Virtual Reality (VR) technology to support students' development of disciplinary knowledge through multilingual conceptual learning. Part of a co-design research project, the study draws on two teachers' didactical…

In this study, the instructional design process in three-dimensional multi-user virtual environments (3D MUVEs) based on a problem-based learning approach was examined and authentic design experiences were shared. Besides, a design model was proposed to guide people who want to design these 3D MUVEs and to use these environments for educational…

Background: The increased availability of immersive virtual reality (IVR) has led to a surge of immersive technology applications in education. Nevertheless, very little is known about how to effectively design instruction for this new media, so that it would benefit learning and associated cognitive processing. Objectives: This experiment…

Augmented Reality (AR) can enhance learning experiences offering many benefits to students. However, its integration in educational practice is rather limited due to several obstacles. One of these obstacles is the absence of AR digital competencies among instructors. Limited research exists about teachers' competence areas in integrating AR in…

We report on a study of the effects of laboratory activities that model fictitious laws of physics in a virtual reality environment on (i) students' epistemology about the role of experimental physics in class and in the world; (ii) students' self-efficacy; and (iii) the quality of student engagement with the lab activities. We create…

This study aims to create a rubric based on the pedagogical properties of educational robots for pre-school students and determine the compliance level with educational robot sets. In this sense, the study is considered a first and significant step toward selecting robots based on pedagogical-driven factors. For this aim, a mixed-method research…

The objectives of the study were 1) Synthesize the conceptual framework of blended instruction on the cloud via an interactive augmented reality technology model to enhance digital literacy, 2) Design the blended instruction on the cloud via an interactive augmented reality technology model, 3) Develop the blended instruction on the cloud via an…

Recent years have seen a growing interest in augmented reality (AR) technologies due to their potential for simulating real-life situations and creating authentic learning tasks. Studies have shown that AR enables engaging and interactive learning experiences (e.g. Bressler and Bodzin 2013; Klopfer and Sheldon 2010) and can benefit student…

The emergence of immersive VR technology in K-12 educational spaces has created a need for research examining the affordances and constraints of this technology for student learning. The current study uses a case-study methodology to illustrate K-12 secondary science teachers' perceived affordances and constraints of using immersive VR tools to…

Background: Augmented reality (AR) is receiving increasing interest as a tool to create an interactive and motivating learning environment. Yet, it is unclear how instructional support affects performance in AR. Objectives: This study sought to explore how varying the instructional support in AR can affect performance-related behaviours of…

Experimental learning is one kind of contextual learning, which places learners in a variety of virtual or real contexts to acquire knowledge, gain ability and experience, and generates emotion through experiencing and perceiving, communicating and exploring, and self-reflecting. Applying VR technology to experiential learning involves both…

Recent advancements in computer graphics and hardware have driven the resurgence of virtual reality (VR). Past literature has reported the use of VR in education, especially for teaching spatially complex concepts. However, there are limited data available on the precise role of VR game design elements. In this study, we introduce a new VR game,…

The Metaverse is a network of 3-D virtual worlds supporting social connections among its users and enabling them to participate in activities mimicking real life. It merges physical and virtual reality and provides channels for multisensory interactions and immersions in a variety of environments (Mystakidis, 2022). The Metaverse is considered the…

For many instructional designers (ID), subject matter experts (SMEs) are viewed as a necessary evil. Depending upon their day job, SMEs can be challenging to work with due to their schedules and responsibilities outside the ID's project. They can be unaware of the eLearning process, learning models and theories, and expensive -- a SME can easily…

By adopting a situated and interactional approach, we explore students' immersive VR experiences as resources for collaborative meaning making and learning. We draw on data from a project in which teachers and researchers co-developed a learning design for upper secondary students involving immersive VR technology. In this learning design,…