Advantages of simulation are link between classroom and real experience, experiment with risk, intensive focus, and reflection on experience. It can involve rigorous and time-consuming preparation, unpredictable outcomes, and trainee resistance. Facilitators need good coaching skills and personal sensitivity. (SK)

Meaningful role plays have three phases: warm-up, which creates an environment that fosters interaction and overcomes resistance; action, during which protagonists and auxiliaries are chosen and the action is periodically frozen for reflection and feedback; and closure, to reinforce learning and plan its integration into job performance. (SK)