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Li, Na – ProQuest LLC, 2013
Complex systems are an important topic in science education today, but they are usually difficult for secondary-level students to learn. Although graphic simulations have many advantages in teaching complex systems, scaffolding is a critical factor for effective learning. This dissertation study was conducted around two complementary research…
Descriptors: Secondary School Science, Science Instruction, Scaffolding (Teaching Technique), Computer Simulation
Rau, M. A.; Aleven, V.; Rummel, N. – Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2011
Graphical representations (GRs) of the learning content are often used for instruction (Ainsworth, 2006). When used in learning technology, GRs can be especially useful since they allow for interactions across representations that are physically impossible, for instance by dragging and dropping symbolic statements into a chart that automatically…
Descriptors: Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Retention (Psychology), Mathematics, Mathematics Instruction