Two studies compared the inclusion only, pull-out only, and combined services models for elementary students with mild disabilities, using a survey of 80 teachers and comparison of reading improvement in 240 students in the 3 models. Teacher satisfaction and student progress in reading were significantly greater for the combined services model.…

Language samples from 14 students (ages 6-9 at study start) with communication disorders were obtained over a three-year period to determine the effectiveness of a language-in-the-classroom (LIC) intervention model. Results noted that students in the LIC model had more complete and intelligible utterances and fewer incomplete/unintelligible…

This paper describes the use of a writing strategy, Cognitive Strategy Instruction in Writing (CSIW), to improve expository writing and student responsibility of four seventh-graders with learning disabilities. CSIW emphasizes the need for students to take responsibility for their own writing performance and to scaffold one another's writing…