This study was designed to discover whether a student learns to imitate the skills demonstrated in a motion picture more accurately when the supportive descriptive terminology is presented in an auditory (spoken) form or in a visual (captions) form. A six-minute color 16mm film was produced--"Determining the Test Weight per Bushel of Yellow Corn".…

Significant learning occurred when four experimental films dealing with the weather were shown four groups in each of three different populations (high school students, Air Force basic trainees, and college students). However, increased concentration of facts in the films yielded only slight advantages in learning. The films differed in length as…

Progress in the Instructional Film Research Program at Pennsylvania State College during 1948 is the subject of this report. Opening with a general statement, the report covers the following areas: developments and changes in organization; status and progress of projects; number, title, status, and progress of research projects; liaison; general…

Two experiments which compare the effectiveness of the auditory and visual elements in instructional films in order to study their relative contributions to learning are described in this paper. Two films dealing with aerodynamics were used in one experiment, and one film dealing with desert survival was used in the other. Multiple choice item…

For research into the usefulness of attention-gaining devices in informational films, five film versions on machine shop measuring instruments were produced. These versions were termed: basic, visual relevant, visual irrelevant, sound relevant, and sound irrelevant. Attention-gaining devices were placed at the same points in all but the basic…

This paper furnishes preliminary reports on four film research projects to determine: the relationship of length and fact frequency to the effectiveness of instructional motion pictures, the contributions of film introductions and film summaries to learning from instructional films, the effects o f repetitive film presentations on learning, and…

A self-instructional film should be learner-oriented rather than content-oriented. Its objectives should be stated in terms of observable, specific behavior. The distinguishing characteristic of such terms is that they are subject to few interpretations. Objectives should be to identify, name, order, describe, and construct. The foregoing may be…

Man seems unable to retain different information from different senses or channels simultaneously; one channel gains full attention. However, it is hypothesized that if the message elements arriving simultaneously from audio and visual channels are redundant, man will retain the information. An attempt was made to measure redundancy in the audio…