Today's math students must be able to problem-solve, reason, and communicate in math. That said, teachers on the elementary level must change their beliefs on how mathematics should be taught. Marzano (2003) stated that the classroom teacher is the single-most important factor in student learning. The second important factor in student learning is…

This qualitative descriptive case study addressed elementary teachers' perceptions of trauma-informed teaching practices, acknowledging the problem which is that many elementary teachers lack an understanding of why trauma-informed teaching strategies are considered best practices and how to utilizes these strategies in the classroom to contribute…

The purpose of this study was to examine the conceptualization, measure and impacts of school principals' sense of efficacy for instructional improvement. Based on social cognitive theory and prior research, we hypothesized that principals' sense of efficacy for instructional leadership would directly predict teachers' collective efficacy beliefs…

A Title I elementary school in New York City faced a challenge in supporting students in Grade 3 to Grade 5 who did not meet state proficiency standards in mathematics. The student body of approximately 300 was 80% Black and Brown students, with 40% of students identified as English language learners or students with disabilities. The assistant…

Researchers used Lewin's Three-Step Model as the theoretical framework in determining effective leadership for change in Alabama Science of Reading Spotlight Schools by grouping the themes into the phases of Unfreezing, Moving, and Refreezing. This qualitative descriptive study used interview and focus group data to research the experiences of K-3…

Researchers used Lewin's Three-Step Model as the theoretical framework in determining effective leadership for change in Alabama Science of Reading Spotlight Schools by grouping the themes into the phases of Unfreezing, Moving, and Refreezing. This qualitative descriptive study used interview and focus group data to research the experiences of K-3…

As instructional leaders, principals must apply leadership to ensure achievement of all students. There is a gap in practice involving challenges principals face while supporting the ELA achievement of their inclusive special education students. The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand instructional leadership challenges elementary…

Purpose: This study explored principals' leadership actions from three leadership frameworks, instructional, socio-cultural and cultural-psychological, to understand how each contributes to influencing teachers' work and learning opportunities for Hispanic English learners. Design/methodology/approach: The research was conducted as a case study,…

Special education in the United States has been historically problematic for several reasons, and limited research has been conducted to examine the close connection between teachers' experiences in the classroom (both general and special education teachers) and principals' leadership. Teacher perceptions have a great impact on the learning of…

A growing number of schools are adopting social-emotional learning (SEL) programs to address students' social, emotional, and academic needs. The proliferation of school-based SEL programs has spurred more research to investigate the ways in which educators enact SEL in schools. However, very few studies have considered the role school leaders…

Purpose: Lesson study (LS) is generally regarded as a pathway for teachers' professional development and a method for teachers' instructional research. LS has been regarded as having the potential to drive large-scale reform but little is known about how it does so from a district level. Therefore, this paper aims to reveal how lesson study…

This study explores the outcomes of policy implementation from the perspective of the policy makers and the educators who are charged with implementation, specifically examining the decision-making process for district leaders during implementation. The study identifies the outcomes from the perspective of the policy-maker utilizing accountability…

The purpose of this mixed methods study was to understand what effective professional learning looks like and how it impacts teacher effectiveness related to mathematical knowledge for teaching. The three concepts related to this study are teacher's content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and professional learning. A conceptual framework…

The purpose of this study was to explore teachers' perceived self-efficacy about mathematics and using educational technology and its influence on lessening students' math anxiety in the classroom. Building upon previous research by Sun and Pyzdrowski (2009), this study examined teachers' beliefs about mathematics and their own ability to use…

Despite decades of research, little is known about the dynamics of sustaining change in school reform and how the process of change unfolds. By tracing the nine-year reform journeys of four primary schools in Hong Kong (using multiyear interview, observational, and archival data), this study uncovers the micro-processes the schools experienced…