This article considers the creation of online materials and a set of online processes for language teacher education at a distance in challenging contexts. The tool we used to mediate the processes was Skype. We used a Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) analysis to show how our activity system "expanded" as the materials and…

Unanswered questions about the development and administration of distance education as a solution to educational needs in developing nations are discussed, including program articulation, meeting different cultural needs and circumstances, and appropriate curriculum. (MSE)

The comprehensive report of the activities of the 1953 interdisciplinary seminar in language and culture held at Ann Arbor, Michigan appears here with the working bibliography compiled at the time of the seminar. The report discusses existing text materials, general perspectives, popular conceptions of nationality, objective criteria,…