Although convergent research demonstrates that well-designed graphics can facilitate readers' understanding of text, there are select situations where graphics have been shown to have no effect on learners' overall text comprehension. Therefore, the current meta-analytic study examined 39 experimental studies published between 1985 and 2018…

English learners (ELs) in K-12 schools must acquire English while simultaneously mastering content knowledge. Educational technology may support students' learning through the affordance of individualized language practice. The current randomized controlled trial intervention study examined the effects of Rosetta Stone Foundations software on…

Using state-representative teacher surveys in three states--Texas, Ohio, and Kentucky--we examine teachers' implementation of college- and career-readiness (CCR) standards. What do teachers report about the specificity, authority, consistency, power, and stability of their standards environment? How does their policy environment predict…