On January 20, 2009, essentially 200 years after the enactment of the embargo against the slave trade, 40 years after the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr., Barack Hussein Obama became the 44th President of the United States of America. Using the one drop rule for racial designation which has prevailed in the USA for most of its history,…

During 1968 the board of education of Kalamazoo, Michigan appointed a committee on desegregation and charged the group with developing a master plan with target dates for desegregating all levels of the public school system. The committee recommended a detailed three page program that was to lead to total desegregation of local schools by…

In 1969 Ossining had been singled out as 1 of 54 target segregated districts in New York by a state study group known as the Fleischmann Commission. The first steps to desegregate the Ossining elementary schools occurred shortly after the state board of education wrote the school department pointing out the racial imbalance in the elementary…

This report examines the desegregation activities of the Santa Barbara school district focusing on the elementary schools. In 1968 the superintendent requested an onsite review study of Santa Barbara's elementary and high school districts to determine ethnic and racial balance in student enrollments. It was found that 9 of the elementary school…

Notes that Houston's voluntary approach to desegregation, including the magnet schools, seems to be meeting with both judicial and public approval. (Author/AM)

This condensation of a B.A. thesis presented to the faculty of the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, attempts to determine if demographic factors influence white resistance to unitary school integration, and what the role of white leadership is. (Author/JM)

This is a report on school desegregation in Bogalusa, Louisiana. This school district was selected for study because it offered the unique opportunity to study school desegregation in a rural setting. In the past, Bogalusa operated a dual system of education. In 1965, black parents filed a lawsuit on behalf of their children; Jenkins V. Bogalusa…

The non-annotated bibliography of resource materials used in the five-volume report of a study of trends in segregation of Hispanic students contains nearly 200 general references and 27 citations of relevant legal cases. Organized alphabetically by author, the general reference section includes citations of articles, books, papers, dissertations,…

Because of changing concepts of equal and effective education and challenges to traditional assumptions of the desirability of integration and racial mixing, there is now much uncertainty as to the meaning of the Brown decision, especially in Northern cities. (EH)

This document presents the Commission on Civil Rights' findings and recommendations on the desegregation process, specifically the planning phase, in Los Angeles, California. It is the result of Commission investigations in Los Angeles which began in October 1976 and ended in a three-day hearing beginning on December of 1976. The report also…

The Milwaukee School System responded to a court finding of segregation by structuring a program of community involvement to help in the task of planning and implementing school desegregation. The city-wide planning group came to be called the Committee of 100. The central thesis of this paper is that the quality of community involvement is not…

This is a report on school desegregation in Corpus Christi, Texas. It discusses in depth the historical and legal basis for school desegregation in Corpus Christi with respect to the litigative processes underlying the issue of school desegregation. This report carefully describes the events leading up to the landmark Cisneros v. Corpus Christi…

The fourth year of federal court desegregation (1977-78) promised stability and continuity to the Boston public schools. Instead it brought confusion, frustration and anger, although there have been no serious disruptions inside the schools for the first time since desegregation began in 1974. (Author/AM)

An important component of the school desegregation methods of Lansing, Michigan, was the Cluster Plan, which is described and evaluated in this article. (Author/AM)